A.I.5. To respond to two (2) or three (3) lexical-semantic remarks with words or phrases from the unlearned text.
Indicative:
>> Etymology – Production – Composition: prefixes and suffixes, compounds, word families
>> Morphosomantic information: synonyms – antonyms, homonyms, pronouns, polysemy, root
>> Words / phrases and words / phrases of the Ancient Greek and Latin Language, foreign words, loans and counter-loans
(units 8)
Let's look at all the corresponding exercises that entered the Pancyprian Examinations from 2006 until today.
SYNONYMS
inseparable = Inseparable, inseparable, indestructible, narrow, inseparable, solid, solid, inseparable.
unstoppable = unceasing, unrestrained, unrestrained, unobstructed, unrestrained, abrupt, unstoppable, unrestrained, unbridled, intense, stormy, impetuous, rapid, fierce
solidarity = support, mutual aid, mutual support, mutual support
necessary = compulsory, obligatory, unavoidable, necessary, basic, vital
boredom = boredom, boredom, boredom, athymia
reflects = reflects, reflects, mirrors, reflects, reveals, projects, illustrates, shows, reflects.
Dismissed = abandoned, betrayed, lost, renounced, renounced, sold out, lost
Aims = Aims, aims, aims, anticipates, intends.
decisive = decisive, primary, capital, burdensome, great, crucial, substantial, essential, vital, fundamental, catalytic
insignificant = insignificant, insignificant, indifferent, secondary, insignificant, negligible
shaping = shaping, shaping, creating, developing
foresaw = sensed, discerned, guessed, guessed, smelled, foresaw, foretold, prophesied, apprehended, concluded, suspected, psychoanalyzed
manifestations = expressions, sides, faces, events, aspects, forms, parameters
obvious = obvious, obvious, obvious, obvious, clear, self-evident, visible, obvious, obvious, obvious, obvious, obvious, obvious, obvious, obvious, visible
revolutionary = radical, radical, groundbreaking, innovative, subversive, modernist, modernist, pioneering.
diligence = care, interest, care, attention, zeal
imperative = immediate, necessary, compulsory, necessary, strict, operative, categorical, accusative, imperative, obligatory
ephemeral = temporary, transient, temporary
guides = indicates, directs, guides, orients, advises, instructs, teaches
destructive = destructive, leveling, destructive, destructive, deadly, destructive, sweeping
secures = secures, secures, preserves, protects
care = Care, concern, diligence, interest, provision, concern.
obsolete = obsolete, obsolete, obsolete, faded, trivial, obsolete, past
Destructive = destructive, destructive, destructive, destructive, deadly, criminal, deadly, fatal
fixed = fixed, permanent, immovable, unchanged
promotion = development, evolution, progress, improvement, upgrade
profitable = profitable, profitable
pretext = reason, excuse, invention, “press”, cover, curtain, pretext, sophistry, trick
Submissive = enslaved, enslaved, surrendered, trapped
wisdom = prudence, wisdom, prudence, reason, prudence, contemplation, rationality, prudence, righteousness, wisdom, wisdom, prudence, discretion, rationalism
debt = obligation, duty, debt, responsibility.
OPPOSITE
counter = brought together, agree, collaborate, work together, strengthen, hand in hand, are in line, line, drawn, align themselves, allied.
objects
dignity = indignity, pettiness, vileness, bribery
concealed = announced, reported, revealed, disclosed, declared, made public, chanted, trumpeted, exposed, communicated, said, “uncovered”, projected, emphasized, overemphasized, manifested.
unsubstantiated = provable, provable, valid, verifiable, verifiable, verifiable, certifiable, convincing, imputed, substantiated
authentic = fake, fictitious, false, fabricated, forged
improvement = deterioration, deterioration, regression, degradation
improvement = deterioration, deterioration
knowledge = ignorance, ignorance, ignorance
bind = release, liberate, liberate, release, release
permanent = instantaneous, instantaneous, discontinuous, sporadic, ephemeral, temporary, transient, concise, intermittent, intermittent, short-term, short-term, short-term, short, limited
ominous = auspicious, optimistic, positive, hopeful
ominous = auspicious, optimistic, hopeful, auspicious, auspicious, auspicious, positive, good sign, brilliant, bright
humiliation = smallness, indecency, humility.
prosperity = misery, question, hardship, misery, poverty, misery, misery, austerity, misery, oligarchy, poverty, deprivation, poverty / poverty
have shrunk = have grown, have grown, have strengthened, have radiated, have (spread), have expanded, have grown, have opened, have (widened), have enlarged, have expanded, have grown, have enlarged, have maximized , they have multiplied
valued = devalued, rejected, nullified, ignored
we hide = we reveal, we reveal, we appear, we present, we appear
incomprehensible = incomprehensible, horses, brains, brainless, stupid, foolish, reckless, unwise, naive, foolish, foolish, outrageous, cretins, babies, irrational, stupid
luxury = austerity, simplicity, oligarchy, poverty, bribery, cheapness, humility, misery, misery, poverty, misery, misery, hardship, wonder, deprivation
primary = secondary, insignificant, insignificant, last, negligible.
rapid = slow, gradual, gradual, slow, gentle, quiet, staggered, soft, slow, gradual
constant = unstable, unstable, variable, variable
collective = individual, personal, individual.
consent = denial, rejection, disagreement
complex = simple, one-dimensional, one-dimensional, one-sided, one-sided
argues
PRODUCERS
develops = [OUS] development, developmental development, developable
perceives = [OUS] perception, perception, perceptibility, perceptor [EPITH.] perceptive, perceptible, perceptible, perceptible
we perceive = [OUS] perception, perceiver, perception [EPITH.] perceived-a-the perceptive-or-the perceived-or-all, perceptible-the-o
face = [OUS] face to face, -η, -ο, [ΕΠΙΘ.] confrontable, -η, -ο
prohibit = [OUS] prohibition [EPITH.] prohibitive, prohibitive
liberates = [OUS] liberation, liberator [EPITH.] liberating, liberating
abort = [OUS] landing, dock [EPITH.] apobatic
exclude = [OUS] exclusion, exclusivity, exclusion [EPITH.] exclusive, exclusive
increased = [ΟΥΣ] increase [ΕΠΙΘ.] incremental, -ή, -ό
based = [OUS] basis, validity, basicity [ADD] basic, valid
improved = [OUS] improvement, improver [EPITH.] improver, the, the improveable, the, the
exploits = [ΟΥΣ] exploitation, exploiter [ΕΠΙΘ.] exploitable, the, the, exploitative, the, the
imposed = [OUS] enforcement [EPITH.] imposing
impose = [OUS] imposition, imposing [EPITH.] imposing, imposing, imposing imposing
favors = [OUS] favor [EPITH.] favorable
applied = [OUS] application, applicator [ADD] applicable, the, applicable, the, the, applicable, a, the, applicable, or, whatever
has exceeded = [OUS] transcendence, transcendence, transcendence, transcendence [EPITH.] transcendent-the-transcendental-or-all
we consume = [OUS] consumption, consumer, consumerism [EP.] consumer, -or, -o, consumable, -the,
dominates = [OUS] domination, domination [EPITH.] sovereign-or-all, sovereign-the-o
to challenge = [OUS] questionable, challenger [ΕΠΙΘ.] questionable, η, ο
means = [OUS] meaning [EPITH.] conceivable
meaning = [OUS] intelligence, intelligent [EPITH.] mental, meaningful, mental
organized = [OUS] organization, organizer [EPITH.] organizational, organized
we produce = [OUS] production, productivity, producer, factor [ΕΠΙΘ.] productive, -ή, -ό, derivative, -η, -ο, producible, -η, -ο
restrict = [OUS] restriction, restrictor [EPITH.] restrictive, restrictive, restrictable
source = [OUS] source, well, well, well [EPITH.] source, well
Provokes = [OUS] provocation [EPITH.] Provocative
Attention = [OUS] attention [ADJECTIVE]
offers = [OUS] offer, suitable [EPITH.] suitable, offered
wasted = [OUS] wasted [ΕΠΙΘ.] wasted
contribute = [OUS] contribution, symbol, contract [EPITH.] symbolic, contracted, contracted
SYNTHETICS (ETYMOLOGY)
unaffected = α (ster.) / if (ster) / α + ν / α / α (ν) + affect / influence / influence
exclusions = from + close (close)
diseases = α (ster.) + vigor
lack = εν + λείπω
lead = street + lead
οριοθετουν = όριο -α + θέτω (τίθημι)
modern = plus + time
coherence = plus + I have
abbreviation = plus + volume / section / intersect
technologies = art + reason / I say
>> To analyze the following words in their synthetic parts and (a) to form with their second synthetic, a new compound word:
configuration = for + education / educate / form
deformation
awakens = from + sleep / hypnoto
insomnia, insomnia, vigilant, vigilant
reinforcement = in + power / valid
strong, strengthen, claim, claim, assertive, prevail, prevail, mighty…
determines = by + define / term / definition
definitive
(b) form a new compound word:
reason: biology, philology, analogy, irrationality, censorship, literature, literary, accountable, select, choose, contradict, etc.
leader: educator, conduct, production, general, captain, reductant etc.
CONTRADICTIONS
A separate category of loans is counter-loans. They are words that “traveled” from ancient Greek to another language or to other languages (usually Latin and Italian, French, etc.) and returned to modern Greek in the form of loans. Typical example, the words gas (
LATIN EXHIBITIONS
Amantes amentes = the lovers [are] crazy (Terentius, 185-159 BC).
In vino veritas = in wine the truth, in wine the truth.
Res, non verba = works, not words.
Verba volant, scripta manent = words fly, writings remain, based on Homer's “empty promises”.
Timeo Danaos et dona ferrentes = φοβού τους Δαναούς και δώρα φέροντας , (Βιργίλιος, 70-19 π.Χ., Λατίνος ποιητής).
Timendi causa est nescire = the cause of fear is ignorance (Seneca, 4 AD-65 AD, Roman philosopher).
Oderint , dum metuant = let them hate me, as long as they are afraid of me (Caligula, Roman emperor).
Corruptio optimi pessima = the corruption of the excellent is the worst.
Ave Caesar , morituri te salutant = Χαίρε Καίσαρ, οι μελλοθάνατοι σε χαιρετουν. The greeting of the gladiators before the fights in the Roman arenas.
Dum spiro spero = as long as I breathe I hope.
Cogito ergo sum = I think, so I exist Descartes, 1596-1650, French philosopher.
Citius , Altius , Fortius = faster, taller, louder (Pierre de Coubertin, 1863-1937, French Olympic revivalist). Olympic motto, inspired by his school coat of arms.
Nil desperandum ! = never despair (Horace, 65-8 BC, Latin poet).
Veni , vidi , vici = I came, I saw, I won (Julius Caesar, 101-14 BC, Roman general and supreme).
Dura lex , sed lex = hard law, but law.
Summum jus , summa injuria = supreme (excessive) justice, supreme injustice.
Carpe diem = seized [and exploited] the day (Horace, 65-8 BC, Latin poet).
O tempora ! The mores ! = oh times, oh manners! (Cicero, 106-43 BC, Roman orator and politician).
Ad calendas Graecas = in Greek calendars. Proverb (meaning “never”).
FAMOUS LATIN PHRASES
a posteriori = εκ των υστέρων
a priori = in advance, theoretically, without observation
ad hoc = for this especially
advocatus diaboli = the lawyer of the devil
alma mater = foster mother (used for universities)
alter ego = the other self
altera pars = the other side
a cappella = in the church (mtf., without the accompaniment of music)
anno domini = [by] the year of the Lord
aqua fortis = nitric acid
aqua vitae = water of life (used for alcoholic beverages)
audio, video, disco = I hear, I see, I learn
bona fide = in good faith
bona fortuna = good luck
casus belli = cause of war
cum laude = after praise
curriculum vitae = course of life (biographical note)
de facto = practically, out of things
de iure = according to law, rightfully
de profundis = εκ βαθέων (Ψαλμοί Δαβίδ)
erga omnes = against all
ex cathedra = from chair
ex libris = from the library, from the bibliography
ex officio = from position of power
habeas corpus = you must have the body (you must justify the trial)
hic et nunc = here and now
homo erectus = standing man (anthropological term)
homo sapiens = human man (anthropological term)
homo universalis = man with general interests and a lot of knowledge
honoris gratia = τιμή ένεκεν
in absentia = ερήμην
in extremis = in the extremes, in the extreme case, in the last case
in memoriam = εις μνήμην
in nomine domini = εις το نام του Κυρίου
in principio = επί της αρχής
in promptu = with readiness, immediately (fast)
in situ = on site, autopsy
in vitro = in glass (mtf. in artificial conditions, in the laboratory)
in vivo = in real conditions
ipso facto = based on the fact itself
lapsus calami = typographical error
lapsus linguae = linguistic slip
lingua franca = French language (trans., ecumenical language)
Magna Carta = big paper, the rights convention of 1215 (England)
magna cum laude = with great praise
magnum opus = the great work (of life)
manus in mano = hand in hand
mare nostrum = our sea (the Mediterranean)
mea culpa = my mistake
memorandum = memorandum, memorandum
modus vivendi = way of life
moratorium = delay
mutatis mutandis = after the necessary changes, in proportion
novus ordo = new order
Opus Dei = work of God (para-religious organization of Catholics)
pater familias = the father of the family
pax romana = Roman peace
per capita = per capita
per cent = τοις εκατό
per se = per se, alone, alone
persona non grata = unwanted person
post hoc = after that
post mortem = after death (and autopsy)
primus inter pares = first among equals (title of the Roman emperors)
pro bono [ publico ] = for the [public] good
pro forma = for types (standard document)
pro patria = υπέρ πατρίδος
quid pro quo = something for something (something in return)
quo vadis ? = where are you going?
scripta manent = the writings remain
sine nobilitatis = without polite origin (according to one interpretation the English snob = the snob comes from here)
sine qua non = εκ των ων ουκ άνευ
status quo = the established, the existing situation
sui generis = idiosyncratic, whimsical, idiosyncratic
summa summarum = the sum of the sums, final sum
tabula rasa = white plate, trans. unwritten paper, on a new basis
terra incognita = unknown land
veni , vidi , vici = I came, I saw, I won
verbatim = (exactly), literally
verbatim ac litteratim = literally and literally
vice versa = and vice versa, upside down
vivat = ζήτω
ab ovo = from the egg (mtf. from the beginning)
delirium tremens = terrible delirium
divide et impera = divide and rule
inter allias (or allia ) = among others
per diem = every day (Today in the sense of the allowance for daily expenses)
LATIN ABBREVIATIONS
post scriptum PS υστερόγραφία
et cetera etc. etc. (etc.)
id est ie that means, that is
exempli gratia eg for example (e.g.)
et alii et al. and others (etc.)
ante meridiem am before noon
post meridiem pm after noon
versus vs. against, against
artium baccalaureus BA Bachelor of Arts (title of studies)
artium magister MA Master of Arts
