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Next Reasoned opinions on pollutants, RES and copyright HOME • INSIDER • KYP Reasoned opinions on pollutants, RES and copyright
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The Commission is sending four reasoned opinions, one step before being referred to the Court of Justice of the European Union, to Cyprus in the context of the package of violations in May.
Directive on the reduction of emissions from medium-sized combustion plants & nbsp; and the inadequate transposition of Union rules on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources.
Two more reasoned opinions concern the non-notification to the Commission of the transposition measures of the directives on the exercise of copyright and related rights applicable to certain online broadcasts and the digital single market.
In the context of the May breach package, reference is also made to a warning letter (the first stage of the infringement procedure) pending against Cyprus since February on the incorrect transposition of EU anti-trafficking law criminal law, fraud to the detriment of the Union's financial interests.
> Pollutants from medium-sized combustion units
The Commission has decided to send a reasoned opinion [INFR (2021) 2089] to Cyprus calling on the country to transpose fully into national law the directive on limiting the emission of certain pollutants into the air from medium-sized combustion plants [Directive (EU) 2015/2193] .
These units have a wide range of applications, including in electricity generation, heating and cooling for domestic use and heat or steam for industrial processes. These plants are an important source of emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxide and dust, thus contributing to air pollution.
The European Green Agreement, with its ambition of zero pollution, emphasizes the reduction of air pollution, which is one of the main factors adversely affecting human health. The directive had to be fully transposed into national law by 19 December 2017. The Commission sent a letter of formal notice to Cyprus in September 2021.
Cyprus has two months to respond and take the necessary measures. Otherwise, the Commission may decide to refer the case to the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Promoting the use of renewable energy
Cyprus is one of ten countries to which the Commission decided to send a reasoned opinion because they did not ensure the full transposition of Union rules on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources set out in Directive (EU) 2018/2001.
In particular, the Commission shall send a reasoned opinion to Cyprus [INFR (2021) 0169] as well as to Germany, Greece, Ireland, Croatia, Luxembourg, Hungary, Poland, Portugal and Romania.
The directive provides the legal framework for the development of renewable energy sources in the fields of electricity, heating and cooling and transport in the EU. It sets as a binding target for the EU the production of energy from renewable sources at a rate of at least 32% by 2030 and includes measures to ensure cost-effectiveness in supporting renewable energy sources and to simplify administrative procedures for projects in the field of renewable energy sources.
The directive also facilitates citizen participation in the energy transition and sets specific targets for increasing the share of renewable energy sources in the heating and cooling sectors and in the transport sector by 2030. In addition, it strengthens the criteria for ensuring sustainability of bioenergy. The deadline for transposing the directive expired on 30 June 2021.
The Commission had sent a letter of formal notice to the above Member States in July 2021. To date, Germany, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Portugal and Romania have not provided the Commission with clear and precise information on the national measures have enacted. Cyprus, Greece, Ireland and Luxembourg have only partially notified national measures transposing the Directive.
Member States now have two months to comply with the transposition obligation. national law and inform the Commission. Otherwise, the Commission may decide to refer the case to the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Internet copyright and the digital single market
Cyprus is also among the countries where the reasoned opinions were sent because they did not notify the Commission of the transposition measures of the Copyright and Related Rights Directive applicable to certain Internet broadcasts [Directive (EU) 2019/789] but also the relevant directive on intellectual property rights in the digital single market [Directive (EU) 2019/790].
Cyprus has received two reasoned opinions on this issue [INFR (2021) 0172 and INFR (2021) 0173], together with Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Latvia, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland Sweden.
The purpose of these two directives is to modernize the rules on intellectual property rights for consumers and creators in order to make the most of the digital world.
The rules protect the beneficiaries who are active in various fields, encouraging the creation and circulation of content of greater value. They offer a wider range of content for users, reducing transaction costs and facilitating the distribution of radio and television programs across the EU.
Member States must transpose these rules into national law without further delay so that EU citizens, the creative sectors, the press, researchers, educators and cultural heritage institutions, as well as service providers throughout the On 23 July 2021, the Commission initiated infringement proceedings by sending a letter of formal notice to the Member States which had not notified the full transposition of the two directives. The Commission today followed up with a reasoned opinion.
These Member States now have two months to rectify the situation and adopt national transposition measures for both directives. Otherwise, the Commission may decide to refer them to the Court of Justice of the European Union.
A letter of warning for EU budget protection is pending
The May infringement package also recalls that Cyprus is one of several countries that have received a warning letter because they have not correctly transposed EU rules on combating, through criminal law, fraud against the Union's financial interests [ Directive (EU) 2017/1371].
The reference to Cyprus is made on the occasion of the Commission's decision to send a letter of formal notice to Estonia, Hungary, Malta and the Netherlands. The letter was preceded by warning letters on the same subject to Greece, Spain, Croatia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Portugal, Romania and Finland in December 2021, and to Belgium, Cyprus, Slovakia, Slovenia and Sweden in February 2022. In addition, the Commission also decided to terminate the infringement proceedings against Austria in September 2019.
These rules are part of the Commission's broader strategy to combat protect the EU budget by harmonizing definitions, sanctions, rules of jurisdiction and statute of limitations related to fraud and other offenses against the EU's financial interests.
